The U.S. Constitution
The U.S. Constitution
The U.S. Constitution is the foundation of American law and governance, establishing the framework for the federal government and protecting the rights of citizens. Drafted in 1787 and ratified in 1788, it replaced the Articles of Confederation to create a stronger national government. Through its seven articles and later amendments, the Constitution outlines the separation of powers, checks and balances, and individual freedoms that define the United States.
The Declaration of Independence, adopted on July 4, 1776, was a formal statement declaring the American colonies' separation from British rule. It was written primarily by Thomas Jefferson and emphasized natural rights, including life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. This document set the philosophical foundation for the new nation but did not establish a system of government.
While the Declaration of Independence declared America's freedom, the U.S. Constitution provided the structure for governing that freedom. The Declaration was a revolutionary statement against tyranny, while the Constitution created a practical legal system to ensure a functioning republic. Together, they form the ideological and legal backbone of the United States, with the Declaration inspiring the principles enshrined in the Constitution. Understanding both documents is key to appreciating American democracy and the rights it protects.
- The Bill of Rights, the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution, guarantees fundamental freedoms such as speech, religion, and due process.
- To add a new amendment to the U.S. Constitution, Congress must propose it with a two-thirds majority vote in both houses, or a constitutional convention must be called by two-thirds of state legislatures, followed by ratification by three-fourths of the states.
- The Supreme Court interprets the U.S. Constitution, ensuring that laws and government actions align with constitutional principles and protecting individual rights.
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by Roger Culpepper